The Hidden World of Biofilms: From Sticky Surfaces to Global Threats

Biofilm

FAQs

1. What can be done to prevent or control biofilms?

Good hygiene, regular cleaning of surfaces, sterilizing medical equipment, and developing anti-biofilm treatments can help control biofilms.

2. What is photodynamic therapy?

This treatment uses special dyes activated by light to produce reactive oxygen that kills bacteria inside biofilms. It is broad-spectrum and doesn’t cause resistance.

3. What role do nanoparticles play in fighting biofilms?

Nanoparticles can penetrate biofilms better than traditional drugs and may avoid resistance mechanisms, making them promising tools against stubborn infections.

Reference

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2. Carniello, V., Peterson, B. W., van der Mei, H. C., et al. (2018). Physico-chemistry from initial bacterial adhesion to surface-programmed biofilm growth. Advances in colloid and interface science261, 1-14.

3. Flemming, H. C., Neu, T. R., & Wozniak, D. J. (2007). The EPS matrix: the “house of biofilm cells”. Journal of bacteriology189(22), 7945-7947.

4. Madsen, J. S., Burmølle, M., Hansen, L. H., et al. (2012). The interconnection between biofilm formation and horizontal gene transfer. FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology65(2), 183-195.

5. Sib, E., Voigt, A. M., Wilbring, G., et al. (2019). Antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance genes in biofilms in clinical wastewater networks. International journal of hygiene and environmental health222(4), 655-662.

6. Choi, E., Murray, B., & Choi, S. (2023). Biofilm and cancer: interactions and future directions for cancer therapy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences24(16), 12836.

7. Muñiz Pedrogo, D. A., Sears, C. L., & Melia, J. M. (2024). Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of the role of gut microbiota and bacterial biofilms in disease pathogenesis. Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis18(10), 1713-1725.

8. Ma, R., Hu, X., Zhang, X., et al. (2022). Strategies to prevent, curb and eliminate biofilm formation based on the characteristics of various periods in one biofilm life cycle. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology12, 1003033.

9. Iaconis, A., De Plano, L. M., Caccamo, A., et al. (2024). Anti-biofilm strategies: A focused review on innovative approaches. Microorganisms12(4), 639.

10. Mishra, S., Huang, Y., Li, J., et al. (2022). Biofilm-mediated bioremediation is a powerful tool for the removal of environmental pollutants. Chemosphere294, 133609.

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